2.4 How installation works

After the build command runs (whether you run it explicitly, or the install command does it for you), the work of the install command is relatively simple: all it has to do is copy everything under build/lib (or build/lib.plat) to your chosen installation directory.

If you don't choose an installation directory--i.e., if you just run setup.py install--then the install command installs to the standard location for third-party Python modules. This location varies by platform and by how you built/installed Python itself. On Unix and Mac OS, it also depends on whether the module distribution being installed is pure Python or contains extensions (``non-pure''):
Platform  Standard installation location  Default value  Notes 
Unix (pure) prefix/lib/python2.0/site-packages /usr/local/lib/python2.0/site-packages (1)
Unix (non-pure) exec-prefix/lib/python2.0/site-packages /usr/local/lib/python2.0/site-packages (1)
Windows prefix C:\Python (2)
Mac OS (pure) prefix:Lib Python:Lib ** ??? **  
Mac OS (non-pure) prefix:Mac:PlugIns Python:Mac:PlugIns** ??? **  

Notes:

(1)
Most Linux distributions include Python as a standard part of the system, so prefix and exec-prefix are usually both /usr on Linux. If you build Python yourself on Linux (or any Unix-like system), the default prefix and exec-prefix are /usr/local.
(2)
The default installation directory on Windows was C:\Program Files\Python under Python 1.6a1, 1.5.2, and earlier.

prefix and exec-prefix stand for the directories that Python is installed to, and where it finds its libraries at run-time. They are always the same under Windows and Mac OS, and very often the same under Unix. You can find out what your Python installation uses for prefix and exec-prefix by running Python in interactive mode and typing a few simple commands. Under Unix, just type python at the shell prompt; under Windows, run ``Python 2.0 (interpreter)'' ** right? **; under Mac OS, ** ??? **. Once the interpreter is started, you type Python code at the "»> " prompt. For example, on my Linux system, I type the three Python statements shown below, and get the output as shown, to find out my prefix and exec-prefix:

Python 1.6 (#22, Sep  2 2000, 23:54:55)  [GCC egcs-2.91.66 19990314/Linux (egcs-1.1.2 release)] on linux2
Copyright (c) 1995-2000 Corporation for National Research Initiatives.
All Rights Reserved.
Copyright (c) 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam.
All Rights Reserved.
>>> import sys
>>> sys.prefix
'/usr'
>>> sys.exec_prefix
'/usr'

If you don't want to install to the standard location, or if you don't have permission to write there, then you need to read about alternate installations in the next section.


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